Review Questions for Test 2

PLEASE NOTE: TO TAKE THE TEST, YOU WILL NEED YOUR STUDENT ID NUMBER AND A #2 PENCIL

You will likely find these notes on Aristotle useful.

Phaedo, Meno, and Republic

• what is Plato's theory of the soul in the Phaedo?
• what is Plato's theory of the soul in the Republic?
• how are these two theories different?
• what does Socrates say about learning in the Meno?
• who, besides Socrates, is the main character in the Meno? what does Socrates have him do?

Background on Aristotle

• where did Aristotle live?
• how did we get his works?
• who was whose student among the following three: (a) Plato (b) Aristotle (c) Alexander the Great ?

Plato and Aristotle

• what's nativism? who was a nativist, Plato or Aristotle?
• what's empiricism? who was an empiricist, Plato or Aristotle?

Form, Matter, and Substances

• what's form? what's matter? what's a substance? what "individuates" substances (hint: look up the definition of "individuate" in a dictionary)?
• what does it mean to say that something is a subject of predication? what does Aristotle think is always a subject of predication, but never itself predicated (hint: look up "predicate" in a dictionary)?
• what are the two different types of substance? how are they different?
• what determines the species of a substance?
• what's an accidental form? what's an essential form?
• what is the Sapir/Whorf hypothesis?
• what are universals? are forms universals?
• what's essential form determines the human species?
• how does change work on Aristotle's theory? can all substances change?

Thinking

• where does thinking take place? how does it work?
• do we become what we think of? why or why not?

Causes

• what are the four causes (you really need to understand the different kinds of causation: generate a bunch of examples, say what the different causes of them are, and think about it)?
• does everything have an efficient cause?
• what is teleology (hint: get out a dictionary)?
• what is the Unmoved Mover?
• Does Aristotle think the universe has a beginning? Does he think it will have an end?